Compression
tar -czvf archive.tar.gz my_directory # Compress
tar -xzvf archive.tar.gz # Extract
Exiting
| Command | Description |
|---|
:q | Quit |
:q! | Quit without saving |
:w | Save |
:wq | Save and quit |
Cursor Movement
| Command | Description |
|---|
h j k l | Arrow keys (left, down, up, right) |
Ctrl+f / Ctrl+b | Page forward / backward |
Ctrl+d / Ctrl+u | Move down / up half a page |
G | Go to bottom of file |
gg | Go to top of file |
{ / } | Move forward / backward by paragraph |
Ctrl+e / Ctrl+y | Scroll down / up one line |
0 | Start of line |
^ | First non-blank character of line |
$ | End of line |
% | Jump between matching () or {} |
Editing
| Command | Description |
|---|
u | Undo |
Ctrl+r | Redo |
i / a | Insert mode before / after cursor |
I / A | Insert mode at start / end of line |
Visual Mode (Selecting Text)
| Command | Description |
|---|
v | Character-wise selection |
V | Line-wise selection |
Ctrl+v | Block-wise selection |
Clipboard
| Command | Description |
|---|
y | Yank (copy) selected text |
p | Paste after cursor |
Deletion
| Command | Description |
|---|
d | Delete (cut) |
x | Delete one character |
Search and Replace
| Command | Description |
|---|
:%s/<old>/<new>/g | Replace all <old> with <new> in file |
:%s/<old>/<new>/gc | Replace all with confirmation |
/<text> | Search forward for <text> |
?<text> | Search backward for <text> |
Commenting Out Blocks
- Press
Esc to exit insert mode.
- Press
Ctrl+v to enter visual block mode.
- Use
j / k to select the lines.
- Press
Shift+i (capital I).
- Type your comment prefix (e.g.
% ).
- Press
Esc twice.